The fungus is the common name of a group of infectious fungal diseases, which develop on the skin (fungal infection) and/or on the nails (onychomycosis).
There are many types of mushrooms, the parasites on the human body. They cause many unpleasant symptoms, and greatly complicate the life of a person. The most common of infection by fungi of the genus Candida.
Causes of fungal infection
The reason for nail fungus – contamination by micro-organisms. The penetration of the micro-organism in the body of a man is through the pre-damaged, the nail or the skin.
The causes of such damage can be:
- Mechanical Trauma.
- The impact of aggressive chemical factors (detergents, corrosive, etc.).
- Wear things, and shoes of poor quality synthetic materials, non-absorbent, and impermeable to air.
- Increased sweating, providing an optimal environment for the growth and multiplication of pathogenic micro-organisms.
- Deformity of the foot, causing the deterioration of aeration, which leads to infections, fungal infections.
- High-speed growth of the nail, which can damage the skin.
- Low level of personal hygiene.
- Reduction of the protective properties of the immune system.
- Varicose disease.
- Characteristics of climatic conditions (high humidity).
- The advanced age. In the elderly the disease is very frequent the thickets.
- Professional risks.
- Concomitant pathology.
The intake of antibiotics, corticosteroids and cytotoxic drugs, that violate the microflora of the natural of man, which protects the skin from the accession of infection.
A particular hazard of wooden floors and stalls. Spores penetrate the wood structure and begin to multiply there. Deduce that finishes on a wood surface fungus very difficult. For this it is necessary to adjust the treatment of special disinfectant solutions.
The symptoms
The symptoms of mold on the legs may vary, depending on the shape, but the common are itching and pathological deformation of the skin.
Symptoms squamous form of mycosis
Because of the formation of the stratum corneum occurs, sealing of the dermis. This form also bears the name "athlete's foot" and "lignum fungus", as well as due to the deformation of the epithelial occurs a thickening of the foot.
In this form of foot fungus man often experiences the following symptoms:
- The part of the foot (the sole) is covered by a thick layer of the dermis, this creates a look that is worn on one leg loafer.
- The Cornea the part becomes rough, and covered with a thick layer of calluses that begin to break down and cheering.
- The rough skin begins to flake off. The affected skin seem to be sprinkled with flour.
- Sick of checking constantly the unbearable, incessant itching.
- Happens thinning of the nail plate, the nails begin to crack and crumble.
The symptoms dyshydrotic form
As well as the skin of the foot is pretty thick, for the first time, these bubbles are not apparent, other manifestations of the disease at this stage does not occur.
You can see the appearance of small bubbles in the areas with thinner skin (between the toes of the feet or hands).
Later on, bubbles begin to itch, the patient feels a strong itching irritating. At a certain point, the bubbles pop, the skin starts to come loose, with the surface of the epidermis occurs the flaking thin sheets of the horny layer of the skin.
The symptoms intertriginosny form
Intertriginous the shape of a mushroom (or interdigital) is one of the most common and annoying types of pathology. The infection strikes the tip of the area.
Skin fold between the fingers, strike the crack or ulcer, which is surrounded by squamous nekrotizirovannah skin of greenish colour.
When the peeling becomes mukovidnoe, the fingers seem to be sprinkled with flour.
The itch is there, but is easily hooked up, it is not unbearable and does not cause discomfort. If more rare, advanced wet amd exudative form of the skin is covered with bubbles, which contain the liquid inside.
The symptoms of onychomycosis
Onychomycosis – common disease fungal corneum of the dermis (the nail plate). Immediately after the contact with the skin, the fungus begins to multiply, which affects the skin and causes unbearable itching.
The man is trying to get rid of it, begins to comb the affected areas, as a result, the skin is wounded, covered with small cracks and scratches, with the risk of also being infected with a bacterial or viral infection.
Hypertrophic onychomycosis
When hypertrophic systemic administration for onychomycosis is the nail plate begins to deform. This is evident from the way in which it changes color, loses its luster, thickens and partially destroyed. This gives the man of great discomfort, especially if he has to go in a tight or shoes that are uncomfortable.
Normal onychomycosis
In this systemic administration for onychomycosis is the nail plate is not deformed and does not change its form and structure. It just happens to change the color of the nails from normal to yellow-brown. Saved normal glitter nail.
Atrophic onychomycosis
In this case, the color of the nail changes to bruno, the nail thins and, little by little, it separates from the nail bed.
The diagnosis of the disease
In most cases, the fungus can be diagnosed by only symptoms. The doctor can provide a diagnosis after inspection of the skin and nails, and even after the collection of medical history.
In addition, the doctor may take a sample of the skin or nails, cut with the help of the blade. Special tests help to determine the species of fungus, and also take drugs and to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment. In some cases, it may be required a skin biopsy.
The therapy of mycosis of the feet
Below we examine the most popular tools and methods for the treatment of the fungus.
Therapy, fungus nails
When the disease is in the initial phase, the rational to only apply external medicines, for example, antimycotic lucky, solutions, ointments and gels. There is a wide choice of different drugs.
The treatment can be carried out with the help of a special serum. There are patches, the main action of which is directed to the detachment damaged the nail plate.
The treatment of athlete's foot between the toes
Better to use the therapy to complete, using external means, and medicines for internal use.
If the fungus failed to spread over the entire surface of the foot, it is possible to cope only external means.
In most cases, the specialist assigns a function to the local (ointment), containing a fungicidal and fungistatic components.
The therapy of fungal infections in a house, how to quickly heal
Below we consider the most popular and effective tools and methods for the therapy of fungal infections in the house.
Soda
To combat the nail fungus at home will help you this popular remedy, like pasta, soda.
In order to prepare you only need a little bit of baking soda, lemon juice and water. Take the necessary for the treatment of all the surfaces affected the amount of soda.
Put it in a glass bowl. Slowly add a small amount of water at room temperature, which is necessary for the formation of a homogeneous mixture.
After obtaining a homogeneous mass and apply on the affected area. After the mass uniformly distributed on the nail plate apply a small amount of lemon juice.
Following will be the chemical reaction, during which you feel a slight burning sensation. Wait 5 minutes and rinse with lukewarm water and dry feet carefully with a clean towel. Repeat this procedure is necessary every two days, until it is fully grow healthy nail plate.
Therapy hydrogen peroxide
For the treatment of the fungus can help the body wraps with the use of hydrogen peroxide. For their production, only need hydrogen peroxide and cotton or a cotton ball. For this wad of cotton impregnated with a solution of hydrogen peroxide and impose the nails.
Wrap close to polyethylene, thus creating the greenhouse effect. Wrap hands hold a 20-minute walk wrap take about an hour. The treatment lasts from two weeks and it depends on how you develop the disease.
Overlap wrap may need to repeat 2 times per day. After removing the wrap it is necessary to wash the nail with lukewarm water, dry and treat it antifungal medication.
The therapy with iodine
For the treatment of fungus of iodine should buy in a pharmacy the normal 5 per cent, alcoholic solution of iodine.
Moisten iodine cotton swab or a cotton pad and apply with accuracy on the damaged areas 2 times a day – morning and evening.
Try not to fall for the healthy areas of the skin. In this case, healthy skin is damaged, change its color to yellow-brown, and cover the cracks.
This tool is not can use if this hypersensitivity to iodine.
Vinegar
The most effective folk remedy for the treatment of strokes is considered ordinary apple, or table vinegar, you can also use their concentrated. For wraps use a mixture of 9% solution in acetic anhydride, and warm water. 1 part white vinegar to take 8 parts of water.
2 tablespoons of 70% of vinegar mixed with 2 tablespoons of vodka and three egg whites (instead of eggs you can take the glycerin). All these ingredients are mixed together until smooth and apply on the affected areas twice a day. Store in the refrigerator no more than 3 days.
Can mix apple cider vinegar with vegetable oil (sea buckthorn oil, extra virgin olive oil, sunflower oil, peach,) in the proportion of one-to-one.
The application of these compounds in the same way. For this moistened with a cotton ball or gauze. Swab applied to the affected area.
A compress soaked with the assay mixture as it dries. Keep it need from half an hour to an hour, after which a wrap removed, washed the leg thoroughly with hot water, dry.
Repeat the procedure as needed, at least 1 time per day for two weeks.
Pay attention during the treatment compresses of vinegar. When the first signs of allergy or skin damage must immediately stop treatment and contact the doctor.
Celandine
For the treatment of the fungus actively used the oil of celandine. To make the procedure recommend 1 time per day before bedtime. Before you apply offers a soda bath (1 tablespoon of sodium bicarbonate in 3 liters of water) and steam in it the toes of the feet or hands, affected by a fungus.
Then the fingers thoroughly clean towels in the bathroom. On the affected area with a cotton ball or a cotton swab apply the oil celandine.
For successful treatment it is necessary to perform the procedure regularly, up to complete healing.
During the treatment the nail plate to change color, orange. However, the celandine can cause quite strong allergic reaction, then you need to pay attention.
Ointment and medicinal herbs
With the treatment of the fungus deals with ointment of herbs. For this you need to grind the herb thyme powder. 1 part of powder to take 4 pieces of vaseline. During the treatment it is possible to apply inside the garlic, to ensure a complete treatment.
Ointment based on honey and eucalyptus
For the preparation of this ointment it is necessary to take 15 g of liquid honey, 15 g of softened butter, 1.5 teaspoons of vinegar. This mixture is stirred until smooth, and add 25 drops of eucalyptus essential oil or tea tree.
Stir again, until you get a homogeneous mass and keep in the refrigerator for three days. Ready for the composition should be applied on the affected area once a day.
Prevention
- It is necessary in the first place, follow the hygiene of the skin, are at risk of defeat mycosis (skin of hands, stop, the nail plate). Rinse the skin of the feet and hands with soap and water every day, after having washed thoroughly clean the skin. Especially in the folds.
- Wear socks and shoes from natural materials (cotton, linen). These materials provide adequate ventilation and well-absorb the excess moisture. Every day change socks clean, as well as the day they can accumulate a microflora pathogenic.
- Shoes must be breathable materials. She does not have to compress, rub, or cause some inconvenience. For daylight saving time adapts more open shoes with perforations.
- Regularly to process the inner part of the shoe, in particular, that you can't do the laundry, special antibacterial agents. Leave the shoes to dry after the treatment.
- Spend the washing of the underwear, at a temperature of not lower than 60 °C. For the most antimicotic and antibacterial effect of textiles for the home, you need to iron an iron.
- Use a single pair of rubber shoes easy to of the materials developed during the visit of the areas, showers, saunas, steam baths and swimming pools.
- Do not carry other people slippers, towels and bathrobes. Do not use foreigners for personal hygiene.
- Do not run the the fungus. It is necessary to start the treatment already at the onset of the first symptoms. Than before starting the treatment, the easier it will be possible to cure.
- Carefully observe the present the doctor the scheme of therapy. In case you have finished treatment before they heal completely and the fungus, perhaps the appearance of the relapse.
Conclusion
Nail fungus – complex and widespread disease, which is very easy to be infected with. This has not happened, to comply with the rules of prevention. However, if you are already been infected – you need to contact your doctor immediately, that binds to the corresponding individual treatment and get rid of this problem.